bacteriological Profile and Antimicrobial sensitivity Pattern of blood Isolates in Children: A Hospital Based study in Kathmandu, Nepal
Abstract
Introduction: Antimicrobial sensitivity pattern changes over time. Periodic monitoring of microorganisms and evaluation of their antibiotic sensitivity is very important for the rational use of antibiotics.
Objective: This study was conducted to evaluate the bacteriological profile and antimicrobial sensitivity pattern of blood isolates in children. Methods: This retrospective hospital based study was conducted over one year period. Records of all blood samples collected for culture from children aged 1 day to 14 years were reviewed and all positive samples were analyzed for types of isolates and their antibiotic sensitivity.
Result: Out of 10883 blood samples collected, 419 samples yielded organisms. The most common blood isolate was Staphyloccus aureus (37.0%) followed by Escherichia coli (27.4%), Salmonella sp (14.4%), Coagulase negative Staphylococci (6.9%), Neisseiria elongata (4.7%), Klebsiella sp (3.6%) and Streptococcus sp (3.4%). Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Streptococcus faecalis, Serratia marcescens and Hafnia alves were the least frequent blood isolates. The most effective antibiotic for Staphylococcus aureus was amikacin (95.7%) followed by ofloxacin (84.6%), chloramphenicol (82.4%), vancomycin (80.0%) and ciprofloxacin (78.4%) while the least effective was cephalexin (2.6%) followed by cloxacillin (9.1%), cefixime (19.1%) and ceftazidime (20.6%). Similarly, the most effective antibiotic for E coli was amikacin (87.9%) followed by ofloxacin (82.9%), ciprofloxacin (82.4%) and tobramycin (88.3%) where as the least effective antibiotic was cephalexin (1.4%) followed by cefixime (22.2%), ceftazidime (23.2%) and cefotaxime (48.9%).
Objective: This study was conducted to evaluate the bacteriological profile and antimicrobial sensitivity pattern of blood isolates in children. Methods: This retrospective hospital based study was conducted over one year period. Records of all blood samples collected for culture from children aged 1 day to 14 years were reviewed and all positive samples were analyzed for types of isolates and their antibiotic sensitivity.
Result: Out of 10883 blood samples collected, 419 samples yielded organisms. The most common blood isolate was Staphyloccus aureus (37.0%) followed by Escherichia coli (27.4%), Salmonella sp (14.4%), Coagulase negative Staphylococci (6.9%), Neisseiria elongata (4.7%), Klebsiella sp (3.6%) and Streptococcus sp (3.4%). Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Streptococcus faecalis, Serratia marcescens and Hafnia alves were the least frequent blood isolates. The most effective antibiotic for Staphylococcus aureus was amikacin (95.7%) followed by ofloxacin (84.6%), chloramphenicol (82.4%), vancomycin (80.0%) and ciprofloxacin (78.4%) while the least effective was cephalexin (2.6%) followed by cloxacillin (9.1%), cefixime (19.1%) and ceftazidime (20.6%). Similarly, the most effective antibiotic for E coli was amikacin (87.9%) followed by ofloxacin (82.9%), ciprofloxacin (82.4%) and tobramycin (88.3%) where as the least effective antibiotic was cephalexin (1.4%) followed by cefixime (22.2%), ceftazidime (23.2%) and cefotaxime (48.9%).